Melanotan-1 (Afamelanotide) is a linear synthetic analogue of the naturally occurring α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH). In laboratory settings, MT1 is studied for its high selectivity toward the Melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R).

Research suggests that MT1 acts as a potent agonist, stimulating melanogenesis through the activation of tyrosinase. Unlike its cyclic counterpart MT2, MT1 is primarily investigated for its photoprotective properties and gradual influence on eumelanin production.